1. We sometimes attempt to solve problems by applying the techniques that worked in similar situations in the past. What type of method are we using?
(A) Trial and error
(B) Analogy
(C) Algorithms
(D) Heuristics
Answer: (B)
2. The fact that a nearer object may obscure a more distant object from the view is due to:
(A) Figure and ground
(B) Proximity
(C) Interposition
(D) Closure
Answer: (C)
3. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer with the help of codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Phenomenon) (Psychologist)
p. Learned helplessness 1. Bandura
q. Cognitive map 2. Seligman
r. Observational learning 3. Wolpe
s. Systematic desensitization 4. Tolman
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 2 4 1 3
(B) 3 4 2 1
(C) 1 3 4 2
(D) 4 2 3 1
Answer: (A)
4. In a 3 × 4 contingency table, using chi-square test, the degrees of freedom associated with the chi-square will be:
(A) 12
(B) 9
(C) 7
(D) 6
Answer: (D)
5. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Function) (Area of the Brain)
p. Visuo-spatial function 1. Hypothalamus
q. Social norms 2. Cerebellum
r. Releasing factors 3. Orbito-frontal cortex
s. Balance 4. Parietal cortex
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 2 1 4 3
(B) 1 2 3 4
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 4 3 1 2
Answer: (D)
6. Read each of the following two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes below:
Assertion (A): In Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS), forced choice format is used.
Reason (R): Forced choice format reduces acquiescence response set.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true.
Answer: (C)
7. Why do individuals with high need for achievement quit early when faced by very difficult task?
(A) Get tired easily
(B) Have poor perseverance
(C) Have high anxiety
(D) Have high need for efficiency
Answer: (D)
8. Assertion (A): According to R. B. Cattell, source traits are important in the understanding of personality.
Reason (R): Oblique rotation is used for uncovering source traits.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true
Answer: (A)
9. Which of the following represents the Tetrad equation as given by Spearman?
(A) r12 × r34 = r14 × r23
(B) r13 × r24 = r14 × r23
(C) r14 × r23 = r13 × r24
(D) All of these
Answer: (D)
10. What among the following define a problem space?
1. An initial state
2. A goal state
3. A set of operations
(A) 1, 3
(B) 1, 2
(C) 2, 3
(D) 1, 2, 3
Answer: (D)
11. A generalized picture or model of an object or event, learned in the past and stored in memory, is:
(A) Perceptual constancy
(B) Memory trace
(C) Prototype
(D) Cognitive map
Answer: (C)
12. Assertion (A): We are able to recognize the similarity and differences of two objects.
Reason (R): Dissociable subsystems operate simultaneously in each cerebral hemisphere.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false
(D) Both (A) and (R) are false
Answer: (A)
13. What is the correct sequence of events given below?
1. Releasing of neurotransmitters
2. Post synaptic potential
3. Binding on receptor sites
4. Synthesis of neurotransmitters
Codes:
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 4 3 2 1
(C) 4 1 3 2
(D) 2 4 1 3
Answer: (C)
14. Assertion (A): The amplitude of the action potential in a neuron does not go beyond + 40 mV.
Reason (R): Neurons function on “all or none” basis.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false
(D) (A) is false but (R) is true
Answer: (B)
15. A man reflects his anger from his boss to his child, is an example of:
(A) Projection
(B) Reaction Formation
(C) Displacement
(D) Regression
Answer: (C)
16. Speed and power tests can be distinguished on the basis of:
1. Time limit
2. Difficulty level
3. Verbal/Non-verbal content
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 1 and 3
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (A)
17. Natural concepts are based on:
(A) Prototypes
(B) A set of rules/properties
(C) Schemas
(D) Propositions
Answer: (A)
18. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Presentation of reinforcement) (Type of reinforcement)
p. An unpleasant stimulus is presented to decrease behavior 1. Positive reinforcement
q. An unpleasant stimulus is removed to increase behavior 2. Negative reinforcement
r. A pleasant stimulus is presented to increase behavior 3. Positive punishment
s. A pleasant stimulus is removed to decrease behavior 4. Negative punishment
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 2 3 4 1
(C) 4 1 3 2
(D) 3 2 1 4
Answer: (D)
19. Short term memory is capable of holding approximately how many items of unrelated information?
(A) One
(B) two to four
(C) five to nine
(D) ten to twelve
Answer: (C)
20. Learning of fears is best explained by:
(A) Operant conditioning
(B) Classical conditioning
(C) Observational learning
(D) Latent learning
Answer: (B)
21. Choose the correct sequence of emergence of the following theories of emotion:
1. James – Lange
2. Cannon – Bard
3. Schachter and Singer
4. Darwin
(A) 1 3 2 4
(B) 4 3 2 1
(C) 4 1 2 3
(D) 1 2 3 4
Answer: (C)
22. What is true of drives?
1. Internal states
2. Aroused by tension
3. Underlying need
4. Guided by external stimuli
(A) 1, 2 and 4
(B) 1, 2 and 3
(C) 2, 3 and 4
(D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: (B)
23. Intellectual functioning is mainly in the domain of which lobe of the Cortex?
(A) Occipital lobe
(B) Frontal lobe
(C) Parietal lobe
(D) Temporal lobe
Answer: (B)
24. A nerve cell that responds to a vertical line but not to horizontal line is an example of
(A) Linear perspective system
(B) Feature detector
(C) Pattern analyzer
(D) Selection and organization process
Answer: (B)
25. The visual signals from each retina reach striate cortex via which of the following?
(A) Lateral geniculate nucleus
(B) Medical geniculate nucleus
(C) Infero-temporal cortex
(D) Posterior parietal cortex
Answer: (A)
26. Observational learning involves:
1. Attention and retention
2. Attention and Reinforcement
3. Production processes and motivation
4. Reinforcement and motivation
(A) 1 and 3 only
(B) 2 and 4 only
(C) 3 and 4 only
(D) 1 and 2 only
Answer: (A)
27. Which of the following factors reduce the accuracy of eyewitness testimony?
1. Suggestibility
2. Source monitoring errors
3. Interference
4. Decay of memory traces
5. Illusion of out-group homogeneity
Codes:
(A) 1, 2 and 3
(B) 1, 3 and 4
(C) 1, 2 and 5
(D) 2, 3 and 5
Answer: (C)
28. Micro sleep occurs mainly due to one of the following:
(A) Sleep disorder
(B) Drugged state
(C) Sleep deprivation
(D) Dreaming state
Answer: (C)
29. Self-Efficacy is
(A) A person’s mental model of his or her ability and attitudes.
(B) A generalised evaluative attitude toward the self that influences both moods and behaviour
(C) The process by which a person comes to know or perceive the personal attributes
(D) A set of beliefs that one can perform adequately in a particular situation.
Answer: (D)
30. Which one of the following is a product in Guilford’s model?
(A) Evaluation
(B) Cognition
(C) Transformation
(D) Symbols
Answer: (C)
Instructions for Questions 31 to 34: Read the following information and answer the four questions that follow:
A researcher wanted to test the hypothesis that a given drug would adversely affect the rate of learning. A group of 40 subjects was employed in the research. Each subject was required to learn a task upto two errorless trials. Then each subject was given a specified drug dosage (1mg/body weight in kilogram) and thirty minutes after, the subject was required to learn another equated learning task upto two errorless trials. The number of trials required to learn each task followed a normal distribution. The mean number of trials required to learn the tasks were 24 and 20 only for normal and ‘drugged conditions’, respectively. The two conditions had comparable standard deviations. The mean difference was tested by a suitable statistical test and the difference was found to be significant at .01 levels.
31. What can you conclude about the researcher’s hypothesis?
(A) The hypothesis has been verified
(B) The hypothesis has been rejected
(C) The hypothesis has been partially verified
(D) The data are inadequate to evaluate researcher’s hypothesis.
Answer: (B)
32. What statistical test appears to be suitable for evaluating mean differences?
(A) Independent samples t test
(B) One-way ANOVA for independent groups
(C) Paired samples t-test
(D) Chi-square test
Answer: (C)
33. The dependent variable in this experiment is:
(A) Drug dosage
(B) Trials required learning the task
(C) Body weight
(D) Time interval between the drug administration and learning the second task
Answer: (B)
34. The above information suggests that:
1. Parametric model should be followed in data analysis
2. Non-parametric model should be followed in data analysis.
3. The scores under two conditions appear to have homogeneity of variance
4. The scores under two conditions appear to be heterogeneous for variance.
Codes:
(A) 1 and 3 only
(B) 1 and 4 only
(C) 2 and 3 only
(D) 2 and 4 only
Answer: (A)
35. Railroad tracks that seem to draw closer together as they recede into the distance are an example of
(A) Linear perspective
(B) Relative size
(C) Binocular vision
(D) Feature detection
Answer: (A)
36. Memory for particular events is called:
(A) Semantic
(B) Sensory
(C) Episodic
(D) procedural
Answer: (C)
37. A test of Abstract Thinking had the norms in terms of normalized T scores (Mean = 50, SD = 10). If the subject received a T score of 60, what would be his percentile rank?
(A) 16
(B) 60
(C) 66
(D) 84
Answer: (D)
38. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Childhood experience) (Personality characteristic)
p. Little gratification in oral stage 1. Overly dependent
q. Excessive gratification in oral stage 2. Impulsive
r. Overly harsh toilet training in Anal stage 3. Hostile
s. Relieved toilet training in Anal stage 4. Compulsive
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 2 4 3 1
(B) 1 3 4 2
(C) 1 4 2 3
(D) 2 3 1 4
Answer: (B)
39. Multiple Abstract Variance Analysis is used to study the effect of
(A) One independent variable on more than one dependent variables
(B) More than one independent variables on one dependent variable
(C) More than one independent variables on more than one dependent variables
(D) None of these
Answer: (D)
40. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer using the codes given below:
List – I List – II
(Brief description) (Type of reinforcement)
p. reinforcement occurs after a set time period 1. fixed ratio
q. reinforcement occurs after a set number of responses 2. Variable interval
r. reinforcement occurs after a varying time period 3. fixed interval
s. reinforcement occurs after a varying number of responses 4. variable ratio
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 3 1 2 4
(B) 1 4 3 2
(C) 4 3 1 2
(D) 2 4 3 1
Answer: (A)
41. Which of the following effectors is mainly responsible for instrumental (motor) response?
(A) Smooth muscles
(B) Cardiac muscles
(C) Skeletal muscle
(D) Adrenal gland
Answer: (C)
42. A process following learning during which a memory becomes more firmly established is called:
(A) Over-learning
(B) Consolidation
(C) Transfer period
(D) Constructive processing
Answer: (B)
43. Assertion (A): A large body of research indicates that violence and aggression is learned through observation.
Reason (R): Learning through observation takes place due to exposure to similar situation and experienced reinforcement.
Codes:
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(D) Both (A) and (R) are false.
Answer: (C)
44. Some steps in test construction are listed below:
1. Internal consistency assessment
2. Item analysis
3. Test-retest reliability
4. Item writing
Usually, the above steps are carried out in the following sequence.
(A) 4, 2, 1, 3
(B) 4, 1, 3, 2
(C) 2, 4, 1, 3
(D) 4, 3, 2, 1
Answer: (A)
45. What is the correct order of the following conflicts occurring in an individual’s life?
1. Autonomy V/s self-doubt
2. Identity V/s Role confusion
3. Competence V/s Inferiority
4. Intimacy V/s Isolation
Codes:
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 2 1 4 3
(C) 1 3 2 4
(D) 3 2 4 1
Answer: (C)
46. Which of the following attitude scaling method/s has/have been proposed by L.L. Thurstone?
1. Paired comparison
2. Summated ratings
3. Scalogram
4. Equal appearing intervals
Codes:
(A) 2 only
(B) 4 only
(C) 1 and 4 only
(D) 2 and 3 only
Answer: (C)
47. Match List-I with List-II and indicate your answer using the given codes:
List – I List – II
(Validity type) (Brief description)
p. Predictive validity 1. Covering all the important areas in a given course of study
q. Concurrent validity 2. Yielding theoretically consistent results
r. Construct validity 3. High relationship between the new test and the established test of same trait
s. Content validity 4. Forecasting some significant behaviour on the basis of test scores
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 3 4 2 1
(B) 4 3 1 2
(C) 2 1 4 3
(D) 4 3 2 1
Answer: (D)
48. During emotions skin conductance changes occur due to the activity of some of the following:
1. Sweat glands
2. Adrenal glands
3. Parasympathetic nervous system
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2
(B) 1 and 3
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (A)
49. What among the following is true for mental set?
1. It can enhance the quality and speed of perceiving and problem solving under some conditions.
2. It can enhance the quality and speed of perceiving and problem solving in new situations.
3. It may inhibit or distort the quality of mental activities in new situations.
4. It may inhibit or distort the quality of mental activities under same conditions.
Codes:
(A) 1 and 2 only
(B) 2 and 3 only
(C) 1 and 3 only
(D) 3 and 4 only
Answer: (C)
50. Match the following:
List – I List – II
1. Thinking p. mental activity through which we transform available information in order to reach conclusions
2. Reasoning q. An activity that involves the manipulation of mental representation of various features of the external world.
3. Decision making r. Processing information in various ways in order to move toward desired goals.
4. Problem solving s. The process of choosing between two or more alternatives on the basis of information about them.
Codes:
p q r s
(A) 4 3 2 1
(B) 2 1 4 3
(C) 3 4 2 1
(D) 2 3 1 4
(D) Have high need for efficiency
Answer: (B)